Quick Answer
Kenya’s current Constitution was adopted in 2010 after decades of struggle for reform, capped by the 2007–08 post-election crisis. It rebuilt the state — creating devolution, a stronger Bill of Rights and a set of national values — and remains the supreme law.
Key facts
- The Constitution was approved at a referendum in August 2010.
- It replaced the independence-era constitution of 1963.
- It introduced devolution and a stronger Bill of Rights.
- It set out national values that bind all of government.
Why a new constitution
For decades, power in Kenya was heavily centralised in the presidency, and demands for reform grew from the 1990s. The disputed 2007 election and the violence that followed became the catalyst that finally forced a new constitutional settlement.
How it was made
After earlier failed attempts, a Committee of Experts produced a draft, which was debated, revised and then put to the people. Kenyans approved it at a referendum on 4 August 2010, and it was promulgated on 27 August 2010.
What it changed
The 2010 Constitution reshaped the state — introducing devolution (47 counties), an expanded and entrenched Bill of Rights, a bicameral Parliament, independent commissions, and reforms to land and the Judiciary.
Why this matters to you
Almost every other civic topic — your leaders, your rights, your county, your vote — flows from this one document. Understanding why it exists explains why Kenya is governed the way it is today.
Frequently asked questions
When was the current Constitution adopted?
It was approved by referendum on 4 August 2010 and promulgated on 27 August 2010.
What did it replace?
The independence-era constitution of 1963, as amended over the decades.
What were its biggest changes?
Devolution, a stronger Bill of Rights, and binding national values.
Sources & references
- Constitution of Kenya 2010 — klrc.go.ke
- Kenya Law — kenyalaw.org